160 percent. the national average gross domestic product – so produces an average inhabitant of Mazowieckie. Not because it is more diligent. It is simply the result of accumulating the most important state institutions and the headquarters of large companies in the nation’s capital. Development Minister Mateusz Morawiecki intends to put, among others, a more sustainable development of the country, or particular regions. On Friday sent for consultation in the project “Strategy for Responsible Development.”
“clientelism” is one of the symptoms of the degeneration of the state. When most of the forces of the economy is only focused on one geographical location, it means that something of the economic system, the state is not in order, and the country through it’s growing much more slowly, not using all resources, including human talent.
a similar phenomenon over a quarter-century after the communist era developed in Poland. In Warsaw, the headquarters of the vast majority of state institutions, focuses wspora part of large companies, among other things, because here is closer to key government offices. Almost half of the national income passes through the state, and it must take into account the great entrepreneurs, counting on the use of the measures to be decided by the Ministry.
The problem intensified in the time of entry into the Union. This headquarters in Warsaw has the most money to invest, and this is where decisions are made.
Mazowieckie their headquarters is up 41 percent. state-owned enterprises and 40 percent. companies with foreign capital, while only 17 percent …. Companies led by “natural persons”.
Warsaw vs. the rest of the country
The level of concentration can best be seen, comparing official statistics GUS. In 2000, the Gross Domestic Product per capita in the Mazowieckie voivodship exceeded by 51 percent. the National average. In 2010. It was already 63 per cent. Furthermore, and according to the latest CSO data – 60 percent.
In Warsaw alone is generated as much as 59 percent. income of the entire province, which gives 22 percent. national income (the second is the Silesian region of 12 per cent. of GDP). Per capita capital for as much as three times the national average GDP, while eg. In Radom, only 75 per cent. average.
The growing importance of the center can be seen, among others, after real estate prices. Higher demand in the capital means that you have to pay 7817 zł per m2 apartment in Warsaw, and is about 1.2 thousand. zł more than in the second city in the ranking – Krakow and about 1.3 thousand. zł more than in the Tricity. In 2015, in the province. Mazowieckie built 22.5 percent. All apartments in Poland.
PiS politicians declared even the recent separation of Warsaw Mazowieckie, because the city overstates the statistics for the region, and therefore EU funds bypass the remaining area of the province.
The richest gaining decentralization
The most developed countries avoid concentration. In Germany, the richest city is not Berlin or the former capital of West Germany Bonn, but Hamburg, and the GDP is divided among the three most industrialized regions of North Rhine-Westphalia (21 per cent. Of GDP), Bavaria (18 percent.) And Baden-Winterbergię (18 proc.), that is, away from the capital.
in the US, new technologies are developed in Kaliforniii in Silicon Valley, he developed the idea in the minds of private entrepreneurs on the basis of private universities Stanford and … orders from the army . Industrial centers both in Chicago and on the west coast, and the largest national income is generated not in the area close to the capital of the State of New York, but was in California (13 per cent. Of GDP) and Texas (9 percent.). New York is only the third in the ranking (8 per cent. Of GDP).
decentralizes also China. The Middle Kingdom has two securities exchanges: the Shanghai and Shenzhen apart by 1.4 thousand. kilometers. Shenzhen is, however, by 1.2 thousand. km from the capital Beijing. The authorities are investing huge resources to “communicate” continental regions of the country and bring out of poverty those residents who did not catch on economic success. This area is serve the construction of the “New Silk Road”.
Planning decentralization of the state is there besides his tragicomic effects, like “ghost town”, which is built for the state money at the expense of 160 billion dollars in the city of Ordos-Kangbashi in Inner Mongolia (700 km from Beijing), in which the lives of 10-30 thousand. people, and it was designed for 1.5 million people.
Morawiecki wants to put on regions
Development Ministry sent on Friday to the consultation draft “Strategy for Responsible Development “. It assumes that the objectives of the “Strategy” for 2020. Will be issued 1.5 trillion of public money and private.
The report points to the widening gaps between regions, especially on the line high agglomerations-rest of the country.
How to change it? Deputy Prime Minister wants to Morawiecki invested in the production of drones in the region of Podkarpackie. In West Pomerania, Pomerania and Wielkopolska to be built passenger ferries. Research units to develop in Little Poland, Lower Silesia, Wielkopolska, Pomerania and Mazowieckie. A program to build public transport vehicles to be implemented in Wielkopolska, Kujawsko-Pomorskie and in the Lodz region.
You will engage also with the development of clusters, producing innovative medicines (Little Poland, Pomerania, Lower Silesia, Wielkopolska, Lodz, Mazowieckie ) because, as described in the report the ministry in Poland, up 66 percent. This generic drug products, or imitative, while in Germany only 45 percent. Polish companies have to get research grants and support pro-export.
In Upper Silesia is to grow while the project “Polish Combine Mining”, with plans to gain global market for Polish mining equipment and construction, the opportunities for the development of technology gasification of coal.
the potential of the officials of the Ministry of Development see also in business services, and funds for this purpose will be focused on academic centers outside Warsaw.
at the same time the report states that “0 , 2 percent. larger companies is not enough for the innovative economy – all over the world are larger companies have sufficient resources to research and development, protecting the country from the so-called. “Brain drain”, which means a tendency to favor large companies at the expense of smaller ones.
So, in a nutshell, represents the 220-page “Project Strategy for Responsible Development”, indicating the directions of development of Polish in the medium term, that goes out to the so-called. public consultation.
How do I get one and a half trillion?
The document informed that, in accordance with the “Strategy” by 2020. more than 1.5 billion zł will be allocated to achieve its objectives. “The financing of all development goals will require the commitment of substantial public funds (domestic and foreign) and private (including Polonia)” – stipulated.
The national public funds, which will be used to achieve the objectives of this strategy include the state budget and state funds, funds of budgets of local government units and other means of public finance sector units.
the actions foreseen in the “Strategy” to be funded from the “Community public funds, as well as from other foreign sources.” While private funds are to cover the loans, the secured or guaranteed by the Treasury.
“still will be beautifully”?
The most important result of the implementation of the “Strategy” is to be increase the average household disposable income per capita to 80 percent. the EU average in 2020 and 2030 close this income to the level of the EU average. At the same time decrease is disparity in gross disposable income between regions.
One of the other effects of the implementation of the “Strategy” is to be “at the same time reducing the proportion of people at risk of poverty and social exclusion (from the current 24.7 per cent. To the 20- 23 per cent. in 2020). Will grow productivity, which should translate into an increase in wages. “
” It is assumed that the level of GDP per capita, measured in purchasing power parity, currently amounting to 68 per cent. EU average, reached in 2020. about 78 per cent. EU average, and by 2030, after the launch of new competitive factors, approaches the EU average, “- gives the resort development.
Officials assume the document investment growth to over 25 per cent. GDP growth in the share of expenditure on research and development to close to 2 per cent. of GDP, labor productivity growth to 80 per cent. of the EU average and the average annual growth of exports by 7.2 percent. in addition, it is anticipated that the share of exports of high technology products in total exports will amount to 10 percent. and industrial production growth will be higher than GDP growth.
“yet will beautifully, yet will normally be” singing team Tilt in the 80s of the last century. the question of how the decentralization of the government wants to do, while maintaining the seat of the most important offices and state-owned companies in the capital and the economy based not on the free decisions of entrepreneurs, but on the decisions headquarters, establishing what and where to produce?
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