– Over the last 15 years, rail transport in the EU was not able to effectively fend off competition from road transport – is one of the main theses of Tuesday’s report, EU inspectors.
28 billion years 2007-2013
they analyzed the results of their rail freight transport in the EU since 2000. From mid-2014 to mid-2015 years inspection was conducted in five countries: the Czech Republic, Germany, Spain, France and Poland. In the years 2007-2013 from the EU budget to finance projects in the railway sector was allocated about 28 billion euros. The largest recipients were the Czech Republic, Spain and Poland.
According to the report, despite these measures and the priority that the European Commission has given limiting road freight transport and the simultaneous strengthening of rail transport, this objective has not been achieved.
the report on the audit highlighted that the proportion of goods transported by rail declined in the years 2000-2013 in the EU by 17.8 percent. In Poland, it was 17 percent. Worse result than we posted the Baltic states, as well as the Czechs, Hungarians, Slovaks and Romanians.
In the 10 Member States registered an increase in the share of rail freight. The largest in Austria (42 percent.), Sweden (38 percent.), Finland (27 percent.) And in Germany 23 (percent.).
Poland allocated more money for roads
in three of the Member States in which visits were made, including Poland, in 2007-2013 more EU funds allocated to roads than on the railways. What’s more – as pointed out by the authors of the audit – even if the funds were allocated to the railways, they were not used in the first place to satisfy the needs of the freight sector. In our country at the turn of the previous financial perspective spent one third of what on the road.
The auditors noted that in Poland and the Czech Republic on the results of freight negatively affects the poor condition of the rail network (which further aggravated by the fact that in both countries in the allocation of EU priority was given to road projects), a relatively high level of charges for access to infrastructure and the lack of independence of the regulator of the market.
the average speed is only 20-30 km / h
the share of rail transport could be increased if this mode of transport was fast. In Central and Eastern Europe, however, the average speed is only 20-30 km / h. In Poland in 2014 – according to the information of auditors – it amounted to 22.7 km / h. For comparison, a truck transporting goods with an average speed of 60 km / h.
The report also pointed to problems with access to the markets of new carriers. Although the second railway package imposed on the Member States to the opening up of national freight already in 2007, but not in all countries liberalization went to the same extent.
– EU railway network is still largely a system consisting of separate national networks, which is subject to a number of different national authorities and have very different rules on the allocation of paths, traffic management, and determining the amount of charge – is written in the summary report.
a large concentration of the market
the auditors pointed out that in Poland, the incumbent rail freight through its subsidiaries, owns most of the rail terminals, including major terminals border, by which the flow capacity are reserved for him. Other companies must therefore use a longer route.
The European Court of Auditors recommends that the Commission and the Member States to address the shortcomings in the process of liberalization of the rail freight market and the Traffic Management procedures. Also indicated the need to remove administrative and technical barriers and to ensure fair competition between different modes of transport.
In 2011, the European Commission has decided that by 2030 no less than 30 percent. road transport of goods over 300 km should shift to other modes such as rail or inland waterways. Target for 2050 is over 50 percent.
PAP, abo
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