By the end of August, according to government regulation, will apply restrictions on the supply and consumption of electricity for the factories, mills and large energy-intensive industrial plants. The restrictions do not embrace individual customers, as well as hospitals, military facilities and airports.
The reason for the restrictions are heat and low water, which prevent effective cooling power units.
It would seem that if we need more energy, it is enough to increase import, but the heat also affects the operation of transmission networks. Great support for us is energy flowing from Sweden, the positive effects of the system are working on the energy bridge with Lithuania, but for example we do not use energy coming from Germany.
– Bridges energy in theory should stabilize the energy system of Europe . Thanks to the energy płynęłaby of those places where her most and where it is cheapest, to those places where there are any deficits. The problem is that everybody wants to take advantage of these flows with the greatest possible benefit for themselves. So Poland would like to see Germany provide energy when we need it. Not necessarily, but we want to become dependent on supplies from Germany. Today, a letter goes quite a bit of energy from western neighbors. But in fact we are only a transit country because it flows further to the south, and then often goes back to Germany and Austria – says the problem Justyna Piszczatowska of the portal WysokieNapięcie.pl.
At the same time construction of the border also it gives a lot of good things on the Polish side. In preparation for the construction of an energy bridge Poland – Lithuania in recent years, Polish Power Grid co-financed infrastructure in eastern Poland.
– There are new power lines and thus we do not have to deal with, in that part of the country, with such the risks that a few years ago could occur in the summer – adds expert.
We are not prepared
What can you do to minimize the risk blackoutów, or Large power outages mitigate?
The Ministry of Economy reportedly admitted two years ago that without adequate investment in the network and new generation capacity, in 2015 or 2016 is to be expected with the first blackoutami.
– Aspiring to some of the richest countries in the world, we are not prepared for such a situation that we have today, despite the assurances of experts that nothing will happen – is surprised by Andrzej Sikora, president of the Institute for Energy Studies, who was a guest of Radio Ones.
In his opinion, investors who treat our country as a place where energy is relatively cheaply and safely delivered, they will be very disappointed.
Fortunately, there is not with us to unscheduled power outages on large areas.
The expert points out that energy policy stems from the economic policy and its plan requires a longer time, rather than one-off measures in response to unforeseen events.
This scenario could have been avoided
In Poland a few days prevail almost tropical heat. Air conditioners operate at full capacity, and the power system is on the verge of its capacity. Therefore, restrictions on the bulk consumers. Such a scenario could be avoided, he said on Polish Radio 24, Thomas Chmal, an expert in. Energy.
– We live in such a climate zone and for that you need to be prepared. But preparation takes many years. If you do not invest in generation capacity or invests only in renewable energy, on the other hand, there is under-funded network, you have to reckon with the fact that at some point there will come a time that this system will be very heavily tested. This exemption is something very special, because it happened the first time since 1988 – says the guy LP 24.
No energy strategy itself can not handle
He added the expert, if Poland did not create and do not implement strategies for energy, such restrictions may occur more frequently in the future.
– is ahead of us deep restructuring the mining industry is the construction of new generating capacity, also based on coal, but with much greater efficiency. It also allows renewable energy, but on the principles that will build jobs in the country, one that will create growth in GDP, and not necessarily the import of old equipment from Western Europe. There are plenty of things to do, but with some reflection, it is not enough to decree something, because it seems a few people, but with a greater understanding and strategic thinking – says Tomasz Chmal.
The current restrictions apply only to businesses and apply in the chair. 10-17.
The investments are necessary
We need to invest in our energy, says Wojciech Jakóbik from the Institute of the Jagiellonian University.
– We have long-term plans, a hundred billion on expansion by 2020. It was finally adopted law on transmission, which facilitates the implementation of such an investment by simplifying procedures – so we’re on the right track. The question is whether we can do more, and faster, to protect Poland against blackouts, because it can happen not only when there are heat and a great frosts, but when the economy will accelerate. When a boon for Polish economic growth is higher, then the energy can become a curse, because suddenly you will increase the demand for electricity, which simply network does not run out – says Wojciech Jakóbik.
And he adds that Poland needs a stable investment in transmission networks, ie high voltage lines to make them more resistant to atmospheric changes and sudden surges. And also in new generation capacity, thus providing new quantities of electricity to the system. The way for new coal-fired units or a good law that will allow prosumers to increase energy supply from renewable sources.
The law transmission
The biggest problem in urban areas, but we have a special law transmission, which will accelerate the construction of high-voltage lines.
The provisions of the Act provide for the possibility of expropriation of real estate for the planned grids for compensation. Its height will be negotiated between the investor and the owner of the property based on the valuation expert. If they do not reach an agreement, the price will determine the province governor. In the event that the owner did not agree on it, it can assert its rights before a court, but that does not stop the expropriation and the work will continue.
– Around the Warsaw agglomeration should be constructed as power lines ring. This project has not yet been realized, among others, because of the protests of residents. Specustawa should support this project. With rules, we need a few years to be able to use them effectively. We need tenders, procedures, and it lasts for years but – explains Justyna Piszczatowska.
Important economic acceleration
According to Andrzej Sikora, drawing attention to the economic acceleration should be taken into account when planning energy policy.
Investments are needed in both the network and new generation capacity, because now almost 55 percent. power in Poland is produced in power stations that are more than 30 years.
– Our database is outdated and energy inefficient, because the old coal-fired plants are much less effective than those that might arise – says the guy Ones . – Most important is the question of what we want to produce electricity and attempt to establish priorities for the next several years – he said.
It is important to eg. The answer, whether we build a nuclear plant or in the future we will have 27 percent. renewable energy, or it is another idea to effectively build such an important part of the economy.
No large blocks themselves can do about it
Do we handle it without large blocks of energy using coal, which are now being built, even in Opole and Kozienice, even if they do not we have for them too much sympathy – says Dorota Dębińska-Pokorska Director of the Energy Group at PWC.
– This is the foundation of our system, without them we can not handle. These big gigantic blocks – going as tanks. Throughout the year, whether it is warm or cold, they work and provide us with the energy in the so-called. basis. They fill a need that the system is waiting. Sources smaller, or RES, are more risky from the perspective of supply: as the wind blows, we have electricity as the wind is not blowing, you do not have this power. In the power plant, as we deliver coal and burn it in a boiler, it will always be current. That is why so much is needed – says Dorota Dębińska-Pokorska.
Built just power plant in Kozienice, despite the fact that more efficient and environmentally friendly, will continue to require cooling water from the river.
– That, that will appear next big generation units, does not necessarily mean the end of problems. Kozienice power plant is cooled by water from the Vistula. And this river is also a big problem, because the water level is very low, the water is much warmer than average. So even if there will be built a block of high efficiency, in case the heat will not be a way to circumvent these problems, which today concern the old power plant – says Justin Piszczatowska.
And the new unit can be simply switched off.
When the wind is not blowing
Even now, the potential of our wind farms is 4,000 megawatts, but the wind does not blow available from this can be eg. 100 megawatts .
In the near future restrictions on the supply and consumption of electricity may not completely disappear. It depends on the mobilization of the largest bloc in the Polish system, with a capacity of 850 megawatts. Such information passed on Tuesday (11.08), President of the Polish Power Grid Henryk Majchrzak.
Also metropolitan power plants operate without problems, and the Warsaw Power network is not overloaded.
Sylwia Zadrożna, Blazej Prośniewski, Grazyna Raszkowska
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